Vera in supernatural accompanies man all the time of its existence. The whole inexplicable person ranked to the otherworldly. The first religions appeared at the dawn of the primitive-communal system, they wore the nature of primitive belief. One of the religions was totemism – the branch of animism. What is a totem and why people believed in an invisible connection between different objects? What forms of totemism preserved to our time? Consider in the article.
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History Totemism
The first religions of humanity are called pre-delicate. Historians and scientists belong to them four main forms:
- animism;
- Totemism;
- fetishism;
- Magic.
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What kind of prostragia from the listed was first, it is unknown. It is believed that all four forms appeared approximately in the same period. Historians explain that all the main forms of beliefs were present in all prehistoric pretentiars.
Animism
What is animism as pre-delicenia? Modern scientists define it as faith in the spiritual world, that is, the existence of an intangible start. Animism implies faith in the spirits of nature, deceased ancestors, protorters. This is an animation of everything that surrounds man and is incomprehensible.
Watching the phenomena of nature, primitive people waved them and attributed certain qualities. Over time, people began to perceive the spirits of nature as reasonable creatures that manage their lives. In order to draw the wrath of nature of nature, they began to bring gifts and sacrifices.
People also believed that there was a posthumous world in which the soul of the deceased man was sent. There are also different entities and spirits.
Totemism
The definition of totemism is based on the faith in the invisible link between a person / tribe / native and specific animal or plant. This animal / plant was called a totem. People believed that Totem patronize them and protects from life adversity. Scientists believe that the primitive man began to deify the animal and the plant world, because the whole way of life was connected with him.
Examples of totemism – beliefs of the ancient Egyptians, Indians of North America, Australian Aboriginal and the population of the central part of Africa. What is the difference in the cult of worship of the TEMT? Selected patron brings gifts, make religious ministries and ask for protection or grace. If the new member of the tribe is emerging, the service is immediately performed at the request of the infinite qualities and protect from evil.
Totemism distinguishes from other beliefs. Taba is a ban to make certain actions. Taba was associated with the ban:
- kill totem animals;
- eat meat totema;
- kill tribesmen;
- Demonstrate someone else’s tribes to the tone.
Rituals carried out whenever the tribe suffered from drought and disadvantage of food, from the attack of the hosting tribes and in any emergency cases. People believed that only Totem could help them cope with adversities.
With totemism, fetishism was closely connected – faith in the mystical power of the subject. This subject could be a bizarre form and created the object, any plant or planet. Fetishes became the figurines of the deities who worshiped ancient people. But in our times, the cult of fetishism is preserved in Africa in a somewhat modified form.
Magic of primitive people
Ancient people considered magic everything is incomprehensible and unusual. If a person met on his way any attracted an object (pebbles, root, part of an animal skeleton), he could make him his fetish. Over time, faith in the fetish fastened, and already a whole tribe could worship any subject and consider it with his patron.
Fetish was located in the center of the tribe, brought him the gifts and rewarded praise for the help. People sincerely believed that it was the fetish that helps them and protects them from trouble. However, there was a reverse side of fetishism: if the subject did not justify the expectations, it was subjected to torture.
Fetishism did not disappear over time, but gained a new form. Religicers argue that faith in amulets and amulets is a modern form of fetishism. Magic in its initial and modern form is closely connected with fetishism. Also, magic retained the features of totemism and animism, because magical rituals are an appeal to different forces of nature or spirits of animals or dead.
Over time, a group of people who dealt only with magic rituals for a tribe separated from society. The first magical rituals performed shamans, since it was precisely shamanism inherent in touch with the spirits of nature and animals. In the future, magical practices have expanded their scope. In the modern world, magic is closely connected with the ancient cults of pre-delicate, world religions and the study of energies.
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